Written by Luisa Kos
Table of contents
Understanding trauma & PTSD
Trauma refers to the emotional response to a deeply distressing or disturbing event. It can be caused by a single incident, such as an accident or assault, or develop over time from prolonged exposure to stress, like childhood neglect or abusive relationships.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing trauma. It affects how the brain processes memories, emotions, and stress, often leading to distressing symptoms that interfere with daily life.
Common symptoms of trauma & PTSD
Everyone responds to trauma differently, but common symptoms include:
- Flashbacks or intrusive memories
- Nightmares and sleep disturbances
- Avoidance of people, places, or situations that trigger distressing memories
- Feeling constantly on edge, irritable, or easily startled
- Emotional numbness or detachment from loved ones
- Difficulty concentrating or feeling overwhelmed by emotions
The impact of trauma on mental health
Untreated trauma can have a long-term impact on mental and physical health. It may contribute to anxiety, depression, substance use, and relationship difficulties. Some people also develop complex PTSD (C-PTSD), which involves more persistent emotional and behavioural challenges.
Getting help for trauma & PTSD
Recovery from trauma is possible with the right support. Therapy can help process difficult emotions, reduce distressing symptoms, and develop healthy coping strategies. Common approaches include:
- Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) – Helps reframe negative thought patterns linked to trauma.
- Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) – A structured therapy that helps the brain reprocess traumatic memories.
- Somatic therapy – Focuses on the body’s response to trauma, helping release stored tension.
- Mindfulness & self-regulation techniques – Reduces stress and promotes emotional stability
PTSD can develop immediately after someone experiences a disturbing event, or it can occur weeks, months or even years later.
Find a trauma therapist
Therapists who can help with Trauma and PTSD
Caroline Moore
I am a psychotherapist in training with the Karuna Institute. I practice Core Process Psychotherapy which is a mindful and contemplative approach to psychotherapy combining Eastern philosophy and Western psychology. I have been working with clients for over two years and will graduate in July 2026.
Tom Laverton
Therapy for people who feel the pressure to hold everything together, but are starting to feel the strain of doing it alone. You might look like you’re coping on the outside, but inside feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck in a way that’s hard to explain. I work particularly with people — often men — who carry responsibility and find it hard to share what’s going on. I offer a steady, confidential space to talk honestly, without pressure or judgement. In-person in Petersfield and online across the UK. I support adults experiencing anxiety, burnout, grief, and life transitions, as well as those seeking deeper self-understanding. Therapy offers space to make sense of patterns, emotions, and experiences shaping your present. My work is integrative, drawing on humanistic, psychodynamic and transpersonal approaches. In practice, this means a relational, grounded way of working that explores both what’s happening now and the deeper patterns beneath the surface.
Charlie Tyack
I have 15+ years experience of therapeutic work with people in a wide range of NHS, charity and independent settings. I have lots of experience with a wide range of mental health conditions including depression, anxiety and trauma. I also have lots of experience working with health conditions including sleep problems, such as insomnia and narcolepsy, long term health conditions, cancer and functional conditions. My main therapeutic approaches are EMDR, acceptance and commitment therapy, compassion focussed therapy and CBT.
Claudia Behnke
I am a qualified couples counsellor and psychotherapist based in Westcliff-on-Sea (near Chalkwell Park), offering therapy in person and online via Zoom. I specialise in relationship counselling, attachment-based work, and relational patterns, helping couples and individuals improve communication, strengthen emotional connection, and navigate relationship challenges. My primary couples modality is Terry Real’s Relational Life Therapy (RLT), an evidence-based approach focused on accountability, emotional honesty, and building secure, respectful partnerships. I also have specialist experience working with codependency and love addiction, supporting clients to move out of unhealthy relational dynamics and develop healthier boundaries and self-worth. I work with a wide range of issues including relationship conflict, emotional disconnection, infidelity, trust issues, intimacy concerns, anxiety, self-esteem, identity transitions, and life stress. My practice is inclusive and affirming, welcoming clients of all genders, sexual orientations, relationship structures, and cultural backgrounds. My integrative approach draws on Relational Life Therapy (RLT), trauma-informed therapy (Janina Fisher), Psychodynamic therapy, Imago relationship therapy, and Transpersonal psychology, allowing sessions to be tailored to each client’s unique needs and goals.
Naomi Segal
Psychodynamic and psychosexual relationship therapist (MA, MBACP, RegCOSRT) who works with individuals and couples navigating sexual difficulties, intimacy concerns, and relationship distress. She practises through The Couple Consultancy and also runs The Polyam Practice, which offers dedicated therapy for people in open, polyamorous, and non-traditional relationship structures. Her approach is depth-oriented and psychodynamic, bringing sustained curiosity and non-judgement to the complexity of human desire, identity, and connection.
Peter Reynolds
I hold an Advanced Diploma in Integrative Counselling. My training draws on a range of therapeutic approaches, which allows me to adapt my work to suit the needs of each individual client. Before training as a counsellor, I worked for many years in the arts, where I developed a deep interest in people’s stories, emotions and inner worlds — an interest that eventually led me to counselling. Alongside my private practice, I have worked in a bereavement charity and in LGBTQ+ mental health services. These experiences have given me particular insight into grief, loss, identity and the impact of marginalisation — all of which continue to inform my work today.
Kalli Nikolopoulou
I specialise in Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic and Integrative Psychotherapy, and the approach is tailored to each individual and their presenting concerns. There are no readymade solutions, rather an invitation to speak and discover the underlying causes of one’s suffering, and the unique possibilities for deep and meaningful change. I work on both short-term and open-ended basis.
Anna Frazer
I trained at The Minster Centre and the University of East London (PGDip Integrative Counselling and Coaching, distinction). My experience includes working with undergraduates as a Counsellor at Ravensbourne University. I have bachelor’s (hons) and master’s degrees in other fields. I have twenty years’ experience working in a range of roles in charities and social enterprises, and volunteering at a food bank. I am a member of the British Association of Counsellors and Psychotherapists (BACP) and work to their ethical framework. My practice is inclusive.
Lucie Nalletamby
I am a Clinical Psychologist with over a decade of experience working in the NHS and private practice. I have worked in the NHS since 2011, providing assessment and treatment for adults, young people and families experiencing a wide range of mental health difficulties as a result of experiences of trauma. Alongside working in the NHS, I have been in private practice since 2017, where I specialise in trauma-focused therapy. Since qualifying, I have completed a number of specialist trainings including EMDR, CBT, NET and Schema-focussed Therapy. I draw on these to provide tailored and individual therapy. I work with individuals who have experienced single-incident trauma, such as accidents and assaults, as well as complex trauma, including childhood abuse, neglect, domestic violence, discrimination and other experiences that can lead to complex PTSD.
Valerija But
I have extensive work experience in health/community settings and over 15 years in private practice. Approaches I draw from in my work include, Psychoanalytic, Existential Psychotherapy and Transactional Analysis.
Treatment for trauma & PTSD
If you are struggling with trauma or PTSD, seeking professional support can be a vital step toward healing. Trauma therapy helps process distressing experiences, reduce symptoms, and develop coping strategies to regain control over your life.
There are several treatment options available, and the best approach will depend on your individual needs. According to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), talking therapies should be offered as a first-line treatment before medication is considered.
Trauma therapy & counselling
- Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) – Helps process traumatic memories and change unhelpful thought patterns.
- Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) – Uses guided eye movements to help the brain reprocess distressing memories.
- Somatic therapy – Focuses on how trauma is stored in the body and helps release tension and stress.
- Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) – Aims to reduce feelings of shame and self-criticism related to trauma.
Speaking with a trauma-informed therapist can help you navigate your healing journey in a supportive and structured way.
Tips for managing trauma & PTSD
Talk to someone
Opening up to a trusted friend, family member, or therapist can help relieve emotional burdens. Feeling heard and supported can make a big difference in processing difficult emotions.
Focus on your breathing
Trauma can make your body feel on high alert. Deep, controlled breathing can activate the body’s relaxation response and help ease feelings of anxiety or panic. Try this simple technique:
- Inhale deeply for four seconds.
- Hold your breath for four seconds.
- Exhale slowly for six seconds.
- Repeat until you feel calmer.
Ground yourself in the present
If flashbacks or intrusive thoughts arise, grounding techniques can help bring you back to the present moment. Try:
- Naming five things you can see, four you can touch, three you can hear, two you can smell, and one you can taste.
- Holding a textured object, such as a stone or fabric, to help reconnect with reality.
Prioritise self-care
Regular exercise, good sleep, a balanced diet, and mindfulness practices can support emotional regulation and overall well-being.
Find a trauma therapist
If trauma or PTSD is affecting your daily life, professional help can be life-changing. Our directory connects you with qualified therapists who specialise in trauma recovery. Start your healing journey today.
Self-Help Strategies for Trauma & PTSD
Keep a Journal
Writing down your thoughts and emotions can help you process trauma and recognise patterns in your triggers. Journaling allows you to track distressing moments, how you responded, and what helped you cope. Be sure to note positive experiences as well—reminders of resilience can reinforce your sense of control and progress.
Practice Mindfulness
Activate the Vagus Nerve
- Deep, slow breathing – inhale for four seconds, exhale for six.
- Cold exposure – splash cold water on your face or take a cold shower.
- Humming or singing – the vibrations help activate the vagus nerve.
- Self-massage – gently massaging the neck and shoulders can promote relaxation.
Stay Active & Nourish Your Body
Explore Holistic Therapies
Complementary therapies such as yoga, meditation, acupuncture, and aromatherapy can support trauma recovery by promoting relaxation and stress relief. If you struggle to unwind, exploring guided sessions or professional treatments may be helpful.
Join a Support Group
Connecting with others who have experienced trauma can provide comfort, validation, and practical coping strategies. Whether in-person or online, support groups create a sense of community and remind you that you’re not alone.
Healing from trauma is a journey, but with the right tools and support, recovery is possible. If you’re struggling, consider speaking to a professional therapist who specialises in trauma and PTSD.
What Should I Look for in a Trauma & PTSD Therapist?
There are no strict laws governing the specific qualifications a therapist must have to treat trauma and PTSD, but choosing a qualified and experienced professional is crucial. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) provides guidelines on effective treatments for PTSD, recommending evidence-based therapies such as Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Key Factors to Consider When Choosing a Therapist:
- Specialisation in Trauma & PTSD – Look for therapists trained in trauma-focused approaches like EMDR, TF-CBT, or somatic therapy.
- Accreditation & Qualifications – Ensure they are registered with a recognised body such as the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) or UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP).
- Therapeutic Approach – Different therapies work for different people; ask about their methods and how they align with your needs.
- Experience & Client Reviews – Consider their experience in treating PTSD and, if available, client testimonials.
- Comfort & Connection – A strong therapist-client relationship is key to healing, so trust your instincts about how comfortable you feel.
In the first instance, doctors may recommend self-help resources or support groups. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, professional therapy is advised. In some cases, a combination of therapy and medication may be considered.
Read the full NICE guidelines: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Management